Irish Emigration to New York City Essay examples -- American History

Irish Emigration to current York CityThe Potato dearth - How, Why, and When the Famine StartedMany historians equate the Irish immigration to America with the potato famine of the 1840s, but is is clear that a considerable number of Irish had made their right smart to Great Britains colonies on the North American mainland before 1800. For example, many Irish families came and settled the colonies in the early 1600s. Harbors and towns were named after settlers. Some of these settlers even became royal stag governors one example is Sir Thomas Dongan, who became governor of the colony of New York in 1682. Some other examples of early settlers in 1670, Charleston, South Carolina was settled by Irish and English emigrants. Sullivans Island in the Charleston Harbor was named after Captain Florence OSullivan who had commanded one of the settlers ships. In 1683, Salem County, New Jersey was settled by Irish immigrants from Tipperary. In 1710, the Blue Ridge region of Virginia was settled by three families from the north of Ireland. In 1762, the house of John Marshall at Mount Pleasant, near Kings College (later Columbia) was the point of the starting recorded celebration of St. Patricks Day in New York City. In 1768, the Wesley Chapel in New York City was established by Irish Methodists. This was the first Methodist Church in America.At the beginning of the 19th century, agriculture was Irelands dominant industry. The English prohibited the Irish from practicing their Catholic faith. The English unornamented a number of wealthy Catholics of their wealth, their positions, and their homes, which left them paupers. Moreover, no Irish Catholic was allowed to own land, vote, hold office, receive an education, own a gun, or eve... ... Social make love in the American City, 1760-1900. New York Cambridge Press, 1989.Byrne, Stephen. Irish Immigration to the United States. New York Arno Press, 1969.Ernst, Robert. Immigrant Life in New York City, 1825-186 3. New York Kings Crown Press, 1949.Ewen, Elizabeth. Immigrant Women in the Land of Dollars. New York Monthly Review Press, 1985.Pencak, William, Selma Berrol, and Randall Miller. Immigration to New York. Philadephia Balch Institute Press, 1991.Potter, George W. To the Golden Door the Story of the Irish in Ireland and America. Boston Little, Brown, 1960.Stansell, Christine. City of Women. New York Alfred A. Knopf, Inc., 1982.1 Robert Ernst, Immigrant Life in New York City, 1825-1863 (New York Kings Crown Press, 1949)2 Ernst, Immigrant Life, 59.3 Ernst, Immigrant Life, 67.

The Development of Attachment Essays -- attachment theory, John Bowlby

One of the most important factors that affect pincer development is the relationship of the child with their primary caregiver. This is a tenet of developmental psychology know as attachment theory. John Bowlby, the creator of this theory, wanted to examine how early childhood experiences influence personality development. extension theory specifically examines infants reactions to being separated from their primary caregiver. Bowlby hypothesized that the differences in how children react to these situations demonstrates basic behavioral differences in infancy that will have consequences for later social and emotional development.To debate attachment theory, Mary Ainsworth developed the Strange Situation Paradigm. This procedure examines the reaction of the infant when their primary caregiver leaves them for up to three minutes. The emotional response of the child to being left alone and the behavior of the child when the caregiver reappears are coded on a seven point rating scale. Based on these oodles children are divided into three categories which illustrate the quality of the attachment. Securely attached children are confident in their relationship with their primary caregiver, and are not aghast(predicate) to explore new things. In the Strange Situation, these infants are less distressed during separation and happy to see their caregiver during the reunion and will often chip in contact with them. Infants with an insecure-avoidant attachment are characterized by a lack of positive affect toward their primary caregiver. They are less distressed during the separation than most infants, and set aside their emotional response not for their caregiver but for toys or the experimenter. Infants with insecure-ambivalent or resistan... ...t. Child Development, 62, 906-917. Joseph, R. (1999). Environmental Influences on Neural Plasticity, the Limbic System, Emotional Development and Attachment A Review. Child Psychiatry and Human Development, 29 . Koran-Karie, N., Oppenheim, D., Dolev, S., Sher, E., & Etzion-Carasso, A. (2002). Mothers Insightfulness Regarding Their Infants Internal Experience Relations With Maternal Sensitivity and Infant Attachment. Developmental Psychology, 38, 534-542. Meins, E., Fernyhough, C., Wainwright, R., Gupta, M. D., Fradley, E., & Tuckey, M. (2002, November/December). Maternal mind-mindedness and attachment security system as predictors of theory of mind understanding. Child Development, 73, 1715-1726.Sonkin, D. J. (2005, January/February). Attachment Theory and Psychotherapy. The Therapist. Retrieved from http//www.danielsonkin.com/attachment_psychotherapy.htm